Vim is the enhanced version by Bram Moolenaar and you should use it in your Centos 6/RHEL desktop as it provides some useful extra features.
There is also a wiki for vim which contains 1,599 pages & a photo gallery. This is also a good source of tips and thoughts on the ineffable power of vim. It has become something of a web standard and there are a considerable number of articles and tutorials on the subject all over the web.
To install it just use yum.
$ sudo yum -y install vim-enhanced
This gets you the necessary files including common etc with a graphic desktop (gvim) & console version being installed.
$ vi
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| Terminal Vim |
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| Graphical Gvim |
The first thing I'd recommend doing before anything else is to place the following line in the ~/bashrc file.
$ sudo vi ~/.bashrc
set -o vi
This will apply the vi key bindings to your bash shell and you can use them as you type out commands. So you will have the same two modes in the shell as you do in vim, Insert and Command.
This will apply the vi key bindings to your bash shell and you can use them as you type out commands. So you will have the same two modes in the shell as you do in vim, Insert and Command.
In the shell by default you will be in insert mode so just type as normal.
Hit 'Esc' to go into command mode and use the vi commands in the shell, such as $ to go the end of the line or 0 to go to the beginning of the line.
More below
- b to go back one word
- 2b to go back two words
- dw to delete a word
- dd to delete the entire line
- d$ to delete to the end of the line (from cursor)
- d0 to delete to the beginning of the line (from cursor)
- w to go forward one word
To return back to insert mode type 'i' (as in vi) and you can
then use the terminal as normal.
Vim in vim
Vim in vim
Using Vi or Vim, the basic commands you need to actually write files are 'i' to insert text and 'Esc ZZ' to save and exit.
In the command mode, you can move around the file, delete text, etc.
In the insert mode, you can insert text.
Changing mode from one to another
From command mode to insert mode type a/A/i/I/o/O ( see details below)
From insert mode to command mode type Esc (escape key)
Some useful commands for VIM
Text Entry Commands (Used to start text entry)
a Append text following current cursor position
A Append text to the end of current line
i Insert text before the current cursor position
I Insert text at the beginning of the cursor line
o Open up a new line following the current line and add text there
O Open up a new line in front of the current line and add text there
The following commands are used only in the commands mode.
Cursor Movement Commands
h Moves the cursor one character to the left
l Moves the cursor one character to the right
k Moves the cursor up one line
j Moves the cursor down one line
nG or :n Cursor goes to the specified (n) line
(ex. 10G goes to line 10)
^F (CTRl F) Forward screenful
^B Backward screenful
^f One page forward
^b One page backward
^U Up half screenful
^D Down half screenful
$ Move cursor to the end of current line
0 (zero) Move cursor to the beginning of current line
w Forward one word
b Backward one word
Exit Commands
:wq Write file to disk and quit the editor
:q! Quit (no warning)
:q Quit (a warning is printed if a modified file has not been saved)
ZZ Save workspace and quit the editor (same as :wq)
: 10,25 w temp
write lines 10 through 25 into file named temp. Of course, other line
numbers can be used. (Use :f to find out the line numbers you want.
Text Deletion Commands
x Delete character
dw Delete word from cursor on
db Delete word backward
dd Delete line
d$ Delete to end of line
d^ (d caret, not CTRL d) Delete to beginning of line
Yank (has most of the options of delete)-- VI's copy commmand
yy yank current line
y$ yank to end of current line from cursor
yw yank from cursor to end of current word
5yy yank, for example, 5 lines
Paste (used after delete or yank to recover lines.)
p paste below cursor
P paste above cursor
"2p paste from buffer 2 (there are 9)
u Undo last change
U Restore line
J Join next line down to the end of the current line
File Manipulation Commands
:w Write workspace to original file
:w file Write workspace to named file
:e file Start editing a new file
:r file Read contents of a file to the workspace
To create a page break, while in the insert mode, press the CTRL key
And l. ^L will appear in your text and will cause the printer to start a new page.
Other Useful Commands
Most commands can be repeated n times by typing a number, n, before
the command. For example 10dd means delete 10 lines.
. Repeat last command
cw Change current word to a new word
r Replace one character at the cursor position
R Begin overstrike or replace mode – use ESC key to exit
:/ pattern Search forward for the pattern
:? pattern Search backward for the pattern
n (used after either of the 2 search commands above to
continue to find next occurrence of the pattern.
:g/pat1/s//pat2/g replace every occurrence of pattern1 (pat1) with
pat2
Example :g/tIO/s//Ada.Text_IO/g
This will find and replace tIO by Ada.text_IO everywhere in the file.
:g/a/s// /g replace the letter a, by blank
:g/a/s///g replace a by nothing
note: Even this command be undone by u
Examples
Opening a New File
Step 1 type vim filename (create a file named filename)
Step 2 type i ( switch to insert mode)
Step 3 enter text (enter your Ada program)
Step 4 hit Esc key (switch back to command mode)
Step 5 type :wq (write file and exit vim)
Editing the Existing File
Step 1 type vim filename (edit the existing file named filename)
Step 2 move around the file using h/j/k/l key or any appropriate command
h Moves the cursor one character to the left
l Moves the cursor one character to the right
k Moves the cursor up one line
j Moves the cursor down one line
nG or :n Cursor goes to the specified (n) line
(ex. 10G goes to line 10)
Step 3 edit required text (replace or delete or insert)
Step 4 hit Esc key (exit from insert mode if you insert or replace text)
Step 5 type :wq
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